VIP Peptide 10mg – Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

https://go.drugbank.com/structures/DB18634/image.svg

KEY SPECIFICATIONS

PRODUCT OVERVIEW

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide originally isolated from porcine intestinal tissue and subsequently identified as a critical mediator of neuroimmune communication. The peptide functions as a high-affinity agonist for VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors—G-protein coupled receptors that activate cAMP-dependent signaling cascades across diverse cell populations. Research demonstrates pleiotropic effects spanning neuroprotection, immunomodulation, and tissue homeostasis. Korkmaz et al. (2019) documented β-amyloid reduction and brain atrophy prevention in Alzheimer’s models. Delgado et al. (2004) established VIP’s role in regulatory T-cell induction and Th1→Th2 cytokine profile shifts. VIP serves as a preferred neuropeptide tool for investigating GPCR-mediated neuroimmune signaling. BIONIX supplies VIP with ≥99% purity for cell culture assays and preclinical research.

MECHANISM OF ACTION

VIP exerts biological effects primarily through VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors—GPCRs activating distinct but overlapping intracellular signaling cascades reflecting its role as a master regulator of neuroimmune communication.

VPAC Receptor Signaling:

Signal Transduction Pathways:

Neuroimmune Communication:

Alpha-Helical Structure Features:

Proposed Signaling Pathway:

VIP Binding → VPAC1/VPAC2 Activation → Gαs Coupling → Adenylyl Cyclase → 
cAMP Elevation → PKA Activation → CREB Phosphorylation → 
Anti-inflammatory Gene Transcription + Neuroprotective Response

Comparative Profile:

RESEARCH APPLICATIONS

• Neuroprotection and Neurodegenerative Models: 5xFAD Alzheimer’s mouse model research documenting β-amyloid accumulation reduction and brain atrophy prevention via microglial modulation. Parkinson’s disease models showing dopaminergic neuron protection against oxidative stress. CREB-mediated neuroprotective gene transcription and enhanced cellular antioxidant capacity through PKA activation. GnRH neuron excitation studies via VPAC2-mediated KCa3.1 inhibition and circadian rhythm modulation in suprachiasmatic nucleus models.

• Immunomodulation and Autoimmunity Research: Regulatory T-cell induction via FoxP3 upregulation and Th1→Th2 cytokine profile shifts (IFN-γ, IL-2 reduction; IL-4, IL-10 elevation). Dendritic cell tolerogenic phenotype induction relevant to transplant rejection models. NF-κB inhibition in macrophages for anti-inflammatory pathway analysis. 2024 research confirms VPAC1-dependent ILC3 (innate lymphoid cell) recruitment to intestinal tissue enhancing IL-22 production and mucosal immunity—independent of microbiota signaling.

• Fibrosis Research: Antifibrotic properties in pulmonary and cardiac fibrosis models via TGF-β signaling inhibition and myofibroblast differentiation blockade (α-SMA expression reduction). Smad pathway modulation (Smad2/3 inhibition, Smad7 activation). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) prevention with E-cadherin preservation. Collagen deposition reduction quantified through hydroxyproline analysis. VIP positions as valuable tool for fibrosis prevention and reversal strategy investigations.

• Epithelial Barrier Integrity: Seo et al. (2019) demonstrated in necrotizing enterocolitis models that VIP significantly reduces tight junction disruption and maintains epithelial barrier function. Mechanisms include enhanced Occludin and Claudin-3 expression, PKA-mediated tight junction stabilization, reduced MLCK activity, and accelerated post-injury epithelial regeneration. Applications extend to inflammatory bowel disease models, intestinal permeability studies, and mucosal barrier function assays.

• Respiratory and Antiviral Research: 2024-2025 clinical studies demonstrated improved survival in critically ill COVID-19 patients through respiratory failure marker reduction, TMPRSS2/ACE2 activity inhibition (37-76% reduction), ACE2 shedding induction, and cytokine storm mediator suppression. VIP functions as master regulator of pulmonary neuroimmune homeostasis.

ANALYTICAL VERIFICATION

BIONIX VIP Peptide undergoes comprehensive analytical characterization:

• HPLC Analysis: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with gradient separation confirms ≥99% purity; separates target peptide from synthesis byproducts and degradation products • Mass Spectrometry: Exact molecular weight confirmation (~3,326.7 g/mol) and peptide sequence verification • Amino Acid Analysis: HSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSILN composition quantification • Endotoxin Testing: LAL assay for cell culture compatibility • Microbiological Screening: Sterility assurance protocols

Physical Characteristics:

DEVELOPMENT STATUS

• Research History: Extensively characterized neuropeptide with 40+ years of investigation; porcine intestinal origin → synthetic analog development • Clinical Investigation: COVID-19 clinical trials (2024-2025) demonstrating respiratory benefits and cytokine storm suppression • Regulatory Status: Not FDA or EMA approved for therapeutic use; research compound only in most jurisdictions • Research Applications: Neurodegeneration, immunomodulation, fibrosis, epithelial barrier, pulmonary research • Recent Findings: 2024 ILC3 recruitment studies; 2024-2025 COVID-19 survival data; ongoing TMPRSS2/ACE2 pathway research • WADA Status: Research compound (verify current prohibited list)

BIONIX VIP Peptide is supplied exclusively for laboratory research purposes—not for therapeutic use, human administration, veterinary, or clinical applications.

FREQUENTLY ENCOUNTERED INQUIRIES

What is VIP Peptide and what is it used for in research?

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide used in laboratory research to investigate neuroimmune signaling, GPCR-mediated signal transduction through VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors, and cellular protection mechanisms. Primary applications include neuroprotection studies (β-amyloid models), immunomodulation (Treg induction, Th1→Th2 shifts), epithelial barrier function (tight junction integrity), fibrosis pathway analysis (TGF-β inhibition), and respiratory immunology (ILC3 recruitment, COVID-19 mechanisms). VIP serves as a model substance for understanding cAMP/PKA/CREB cascade activation and NF-κB pathway modulation.

How does VIP compare to other neuroimmune peptides?

VIP is one of the most comprehensively characterized neuroimmune peptides with balanced affinity for both VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors. Compared to PACAP-38 (38 amino acids), VIP shows stronger immunomodulatory effects and has advanced further in clinical research (COVID-19 trials). Unlike secretin, which primarily targets gastrointestinal functions through its specific receptor, VIP demonstrates broad activity across neurological, immunological, pulmonary, and epithelial systems. VIP’s extensive preclinical validation across multiple disease models positions it as a preferred translational research tool.

What research models is VIP Peptide typically investigated in?

VIP is studied across diverse experimental systems: neuronal cultures for neuroprotection and Alzheimer’s model analysis (5xFAD mouse); immune cell assays (T-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, ILC3s) for immunomodulation; epithelial cell monolayers for barrier function and tight junction studies (Occludin/Claudin-3); fibroblast cultures for TGF-β/fibrosis pathway research; and respiratory models for ACE2/TMPRSS2 pathway investigation. Additional applications include necrotizing enterocolitis models, circadian rhythm studies, and transplant rejection models. All applications limited to controlled laboratory environments.

What purity does BIONIX VIP Peptide have?

Each batch is HPLC-verified for ≥99% purity. Mass spectrometry confirms exact molecular mass (~3,326.7 g/mol) and HSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSILN sequence identity. Bacterial endotoxin testing (LAL) ensures suitability for cell culture applications. Batch-specific Certificates of Analysis documenting HPLC chromatograms, mass spectra, and purity assessments are available with every shipment, providing researchers with validation data for experimental documentation and publication requirements.

What storage conditions are required for VIP Peptide?

Lyophilized powder requires -20°C storage for long-term stability (up to 24 months). Protect from light and moisture. Post-reconstitution: store at 2-8°C for 1-2 weeks (short-term use) or aliquot and freeze at -20°C (1-3 months) or -80°C (6-12 months). Allow vial to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to prevent condensation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles as these compromise peptide structure and biological activity.

Is VIP Peptide approved for clinical use?

Negative. VIP has been investigated in clinical trials including 2024-2025 COVID-19 studies demonstrating respiratory benefits, but has not received FDA or EMA approval for therapeutic indications. VIP remains a research compound available exclusively for laboratory investigation. BIONIX supplies research-grade material for controlled experimental use only—not for human therapeutic application, clinical administration, or diagnostic purposes.

REFERENCES

• PMID: 30506167 — VIP decreases β-amyloid accumulation and prevents brain atrophy in 5xFAD Alzheimer’s model (J Mol Neurosci, 2019)
• PMID: 15169929 — VIP significance in immunomodulation, regulatory T-cell induction (Pharmacol Rev, 2004)
• PMID: 31427055 — VIP decreases inflammation and tight junction disruption in NEC models (J Pediatr Surg, 2019)
• PMID: 29163367 — VIP: from gene to behavior and back, cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling (Front Endocrinol, 2017)
• Nature, 2020 — Feeding-dependent VIP neuron-ILC3 circuit regulates intestinal barrier (Talbot et al.) #
• PMC, 2025 — Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) in COVID-19 Therapy (Yavuz ST et al.) • PNAS, 2021 — Host defense and ILC3 recruitment via VPAC1